MQTT
MQTT is a subscription protocol, as opposed to HTTP, which is a request based protocol. If you want to send information/commands over HTTP, you would make a request, and an HTTP server would respond with the information. In an MQTT environment, information is published to the MQTT broker and a client has to keep a constant connection to it to observe events. It is ideal for limited systems, designed for low bandwidth and high latency.
If you are interested in installing an open source broker, you can try Mosquitto, EMQ, or Mosca. MQTT does support access control through a username/password system as well as access control for specific topics. You can bridge multiple brokers, to republish messages on one to the other. You can also bridge your broker to Amazon IoT or an external MQTT server if you want a presence outside of your house. There are advantages to distributing your messaging. If you want to experiment, CloudMQTT offers a free tier.
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